A Three Stage Load Sharing Routing Algorithm to Increase Lifetime of Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

—A CRSN or Cognitive Radio Sensor Network is a network of wireless cognitive radio sensor nodes, these sensor nodes sense data and transmit over available spectrum bands. The energy of the nodes decreases gradually while transmitting the data, and ultimately the system expires. Traditional routing algorithms are not suitable for CRSN because these algorithms rely only on the shortest hops whereas in cognitive radio network the status of each link is totally different. In the following paper, we have introduced a three-stage routing algorithm for efficient performance. In the first stage, we calculate the transmission delay for every link in the form of link cost. In the second stage, the cost of each link is adjusted between primary radio sensor nodes and cognitive radio sensor nodes according to the state of primary users. In the third stage, a load sharing algorithm is applied to improve the life of whole node sensors in such a way to obtained maximum output. We have modified the traditional technique of routing by rescuing the power of each node. Computer simulation results clearly indicate the improvement in the lifetime of a network.